Intel 4th Gen Xeon: Difference between revisions

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Intel has launched its 4th Gen Intel Xeon scalable processors (Sapphire Rapids) as of Jan'23, 4th Gen Xeon is purpose-built to improve data center performance, efficiency, security, and capabilities for AI, cloud computing, networks, edge computing, and supercomputers. 
= Intel 4th Gen Xeon =
[[File:Intel 4th Gen Xeon.png|alt=Intel 4th Gen Xeon|thumb|Intel 4th Gen Xeon]] 


The new Xeon Models are available in six categories, including the
{{Status
|status=Draft
|owner=Knowledge Agent
|last_update=2026-07-15
|review=Pending
}}


* Max 9400,
{{TOC}}
* Platinum 8000 - '''Platinum 8400''' processors are designed for advanced data analytics, AI, and hybrid cloud data centers, offering high performance, platform capabilities, and [[workload]] acceleration, as well as enhanced hardware-based security and multi-socket (Sapphire Rapids platform supports up to 8 sockets<ref>https://linustechtips.com/topic/1480633-what-is-better-amd-epyc-9004-series-or-4th-gen-intel-xeon-processors/</ref>) processing
* Gold 6000/Gold 5000 - optimized for data center and multi-cloud workloads. They offer enhanced memory speed, capacity, security, and workload acceleration
* Silver 4000 - Multi purpose essential performance, improved memory speed, and power efficiency for entry-level data center computing, networking, and storage.
* Bronze 3000
* Max Series.
[[File:Intel liquid cooling.png|alt=Intel liquid cooling|thumb|Intel liquid cooling]]


== Overview ==


The new Optimized Power Mode can provide up to 20 percent socket power savings with less than 5 percent performance impact for specific workloads. Innovations in air and [[liquid cooling]] can further reduce total data center energy consumption. Each series has a range of different models that can be drilled down to their target use case:
Intel 4th Gen Xeon Scalable processors(Sapphire Rapids)는 2023년 1월 출시된 데이터센터용 프로세서로, AI, 클라우드 컴퓨팅, 네트워킹, 에지 컴퓨팅, 슈퍼컴퓨팅을 위해 설계되었습니다.


* Performance general purpose
=== Summary ===
* Mainline general purpose
 
* Liquid cooling general purpose
* 무엇인가? — Intel 4th Gen Xeon Scalable processors (Sapphire Rapids)
* Single socket general purpose (“Q” Series)
* 왜 필요한가? — 데이터센터 성능, 효율성, 보안, 기능 향상
* Long-life Use (IoT) general purpose (“T” Series)
* 언제 사용하는가? — AI, 클라우드, 네트워킹, 에지, 슈퍼컴퓨팅
* IMDB/Analytics/virtualization optimized (“H” Series)
* 5G/Networking optimized (“N” Series)
* Cloud-optimized IaaS (“P”, “V” and “M” Series)
* Storage and hyperconverged infrastructure optimized (“S” series)
* HPC optimized (i.e., the Intel Xeon CPU Max series)


== General Improvement ==
---


=== PCI Express Gen5 (PCIe 5.0) ===
== Purpose ==
4th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable processors have up to 80 lanes of [[PCIe]] 5.0—ideal for fast networking, high-bandwidth accelerators, and high-performance storage devices. PCIe 5.0 doubles the


I/O bandwidth from PCIe 4.0,9 maintains backward compatibility, and provides foundational slots for CX
이 문서가 존재하는 이유


=== DDR5 ===
* Goal: Intel 4th Gen Xeon Scalable processors의 제품군, 아키텍처, 성능 특징을 한 곳에서 제공
Improve compute performance by overcoming data bottlenecks with higher memory bandwidth. DDR5 offers up to 1.5x bandwidth improvement over DDR4,10 enabling opportunities to improve performance, capacity, power efficiency, and cost. 4th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable processors offer up to 4,800 MT/s (1 DPC) or 4,400 MT/s (2 DPC) with DDR5.
* Scope: Xeon 모델 카테고리, PCIe 5.0, DDR5, CXL, XCC/MCC/HBM, 내장 가속기
* Non-goals: 이전 세대 Xeon 상세 비교, [[AMD EPYC]] 상세 비교는 별도 문서


=== CXL ===
---
Reduce compute latency in the data center and help lower total cost of ownership (TCO) with CXL 1.1 for next-generation workloads. CXL is an alternate protocol that runs across the standard PCIe physical layer and can [[support]] both standard PCIe devices and CXL devices on the same link. CXL provides a critical capability to create a unified, coherent memory space between CPUs and accelerators, and it will revolutionize how data center server architectures will be built for years to come


== XCC, MCC, and HBM Variants<ref>https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000094640/processors.html</ref> ==
== Key Concepts ==
One of the overlooked areas of 4th generation Xeon product is in the processor line's three main configurations.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Variants<ref>https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/4th-gen-intel-xeon-scalable-xcc-mcc-hbm-variants-secret</ref>
!Carrier code<ref>https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000094640/processors.html</ref>
!Description
|-
|XCC
|E1A
|packaging to tie together four compute tiles into one logical CPU. Each tile has up to 15 active cores that allow Intel to build up to 60 core CPUs
|-
|MCC
|E1B
|monolithic die has half to a quarter of the onboard acceleration capability, but the TDP range is 125W to 350W with up to 32 active cores.
|-
|HBM
|E1C
|packaging to tie gets its own 16GB HBM2e memory stack for 64GB of high-speed HBM2e memory on the CPU package.
This allows for a higher-speed memory pool that can be used as a separate pool, a transparent caching tier, or even as a system's primary and only memory
|}
[[File:4th gen intel packages.png|left|frameless|462x462px]]
[[File:4th gen intel config.png|frameless|462x462px]]


== 4th Gen Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processors list [https://www.colfax-intl.com/downloads/4th-gen-xeon-acclerators-eguide-with-4th-gen-benchmarks.pdf] ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!SKU
! Concept
!CORES
! Description
!BASE
! Related
!ALL CORE TURBO (GHz)
!Max TURBO (GHz)
!CACHE (MB)
!TDP (Watts)
!Maximum Scalability
!DDR5 Memory Speed
!UPI Links Enabled
!Default DSA Devices
!Default IAA Devices
!Default QAT Devices
!Default DLB Devices
!Intel SGX Enclave Capacity (Per Processor)
!Long Life Use
!Intel® On Demand Capable
|-
! colspan="17" |2S PERFORMANCE GENERAL PURPOSE
|-
|8480+
|56
|2.0
|3.0
|3.8
|105
|350
|2S
|4800
|4
|1
|1
|1
|1
|512GB
|
|✓
|-
|8470
|52
|2.0
|3.0
|3.8
|105
|350
|2S
|4800
|4
|1
|0
|0
|0
|512GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|8468
|48
|2.1
|3.1
|3.8
|105
|350
|2S
|4800
|4
|1
|0
|0
|0
|512GB
|
|✓
|-
|8460Y+
|40
|2.0
|2.8
|3.7
|105
|300
|2S
|4800
|4
|1
|1
|1
|1
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|8462Y+
|32
|2.8
|3.6
|4.1
|60
|300
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|1
|1
|1
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|6448Y
|32
|2.1
|3.0
|4.1
|60
|225
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|6442Y
|24
|2.6
|3.3
|4.0
|60
|225
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|6444Y
|16
|3.6
|4.0
|4.1
|45
|270
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|6426Y
|16
|2.5
|3.3
|4.1
|37.5
|185
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|6434
|8
|3.7
|4.1
|4.1
|22.5
|195
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|5415+
|8
|2.9
|3.6
|4.1
|22.5
|150
|2S
|4400
|3
|1
|1
|1
|1
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
! colspan="17" |2S MAINLINE GENERAL PURPOSE
|-
|8452Y
|36
|2.0
|2.8
|3.2
|67.5
|300
|2S
|4800
|4
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|6438Y+
|32
|2.0
|2.8
|4.0
|60
|205
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|1
|1
|1
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|6430
|32
|2.1
|2.6
|3.4
|60
|270
|2S
|4400
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|5420+
|28
|2.0
|2.7
|4.1
|52.5
|205
|2S
|4400
|3
|1
|1
|1
|1
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|5418Y
|24
|2.0
|2.8
|3.8
|45
|185
|2S
|4400
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|4416+
|20
|2.0
|2.9
|3.9
|37.5
|165
|2S
|4000
|2
|1
|1
|1
|1
|64GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|4410Y
|12
|2.0
|2.8
|3.9
|30
|150
|2S
|4000
|2
|1
|0
|0
|0
|64GB
|✓
|✓
|-
! colspan="17" |LIQUID COOLED GENERAL PURPOSE(-Q)
|-
|8470Q
|52
|2.1
|3.2
|3.8
|105
|350
|2S
|4800
|4
|1
|0
|0
|0
|512GB
|
|✓
|-
|6458Q
|32
|3.1
|4.0
|4.0
|60
|350
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
! colspan="17" |SINGLE SOCKET GENERAL PURPOSE(-U)
|-
|6414U
|32
|2.0
|2.6
|3.4
|60
|350
|1S
|4800
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|5412U
|24
|2.1
|2.9
|3.9
|45
|185
|1S
|4400
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|3408U
|8
|1.8
|1.9
|1.9
|22.5
|125
|1S
|4000
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|64GB
|✓
|
|-
! colspan="17" |LONG - LIFE USE (IOT) GENERAL PURPOSE (-T)
|-
|4410T
|10
|2.7
|3.4
|4.0
|26.25
|150
|2S
|4000
|2
|1
|0
|0
|0
|64GB
|✓
|✓
|-
! colspan="17" |IMDB/ANALYTICS/VIRTUALIZATION OPTIMIZED (-H) – SOCKET SCALABLE
|-
|8490H
|60
|1.9
|2.9
|3.5
|112.5
|350
|8S
|4800
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|512GB
|
|
|-
|8468H
|48
|2.1
|3.0
|3.8
|105
|330
|8S
|4800
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|512GB
|
|
|-
|8460H
|40
|2.2
|3.1
|3.8
|105
|330
|8S
|4800
|4
|4
|4
|0
|0
|512GB
|
|
|-
|8454H
|32
|2.1
|2.7
|3.4
|82.5
|270
|8S
|4800
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|512GB
|
|
|-
|8450H
|28
|2.0
|2.6
|3.5
|75
|250
|8S
|4800
|4
|4
|4
|0
|0
|512GB
|
|
|-
|8444H
|16
|2.9
|3.2
|4.0
|45
|270
|8S
|4800
|4
|4
|4
|0
|0
|512GB
|
|
|-
|6448H
|32
|2.4
|3.2
|4.1
|60
|250
|4S
|4800
|3
|1
|1
|2
|2
|512GB
|
|
|-
|6418H
|24
|2.1
|2.9
|4.0
|60
|185
|4S
|4800
|3
|1
|1
|0
|0
|512GB
|✓
|
|-
|6416H
|18
|2.2
|2.9
|4.2
|45
|165
|4S
|4800
|3
|1
|1
|0
|0
|512GB
|
|
|-
|6434H
|8
|3.7
|4.1
|4.1
|22.5
|195
|4S
|4800
|3
|1
|1
|0
|0
|512GB
|
|
|-
! colspan="17" |5G / NETWORKING OPTIMIZED (-N)
|-
|8470N
|52
|1.7
|2.7
|3.6
|97.5
|300
|2S
|4800
|4
|4
|0
|4
|4
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|8471N
|52
|1.8
|2.8
|3.6
|97.5
|300
|1S
|4800
|0
|4
|0
|4
|4
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|6438N
|32
|2.0
|2.7
|3.6
|60
|205
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|0
|2
|2
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|6428N
|32
|1.8
|2.5
|3.8
|60
|185
|2S
|4000
|3
|1
|0
|2
|2
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|6421N
|32
|1.8
|2.6
|3.6
|60
|185
|1S
|4400
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|5418N
|24
|1.8
|2.6
|3.8
|45
|165
|2S
|4000
|3
|1
|0
|2
|2
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
|5411N
|24
|1.9
|2.8
|3.9
|45
|165
|1S
|4400
|0
|1
|0
|2
|2
|128GB
|✓
|✓
|-
! colspan="17" |CLOUD OPTIMIZED IaaS (-P) / SaaS(-V) / Media(-M)
|-
|8468V
|48
|2.4
|2.9
|3.8
|97.5
|330
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|1
|1
|1
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|8458P
|44
|2.7
|3.2
|3.8
|82.5
|350
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|1
|1
|1
|512GB
|
|✓
|-
|8461V
|48
|2.2
|2.8
|3.7
|97.5
|300
|1S
|4800
|0
|1
|1
|1
|1
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|6438M
|32
|2.2
|2.8
|3.9
|60
|205
|2S
|4800
|3
|1
|1
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
! colspan="17" |STORAGE & HYPERCONVERGED INFRASTRUCTURE (HCI) OPTIMIZED (-S)
|-
|-
|6454S
| Sapphire Rapids
|32
| 4th Gen Xeon의 코드명
|2.2
| [[Intel 4th Gen Xeon]]
|2.8
|3.4
|60
|270
|2S
|4800
|4
|4
|0
|4
|4
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|-
|5416S
| PCIe 5.0
|16
| 최대 80개 레인, 대역폭 2배 향상
|2.0
| [[PCIe]]
|2.8
|4.0
|30
|150
|2S
|4400
|3
|1
|0
|2
|2
|128GB
|
|✓
|-
|-
! colspan="17" |HPC OPTMIZED (Intel® Xeon® CPU MAX Series)
| DDR5
| DDR4 대비 1.5x 대역폭 향상
| [[Intel 4th Gen Xeon]]
|-
|-
|9480
| CXL
|56
| CPU-가속기 간 메모리 공간 통합
|1.9
| [[Intel 4th Gen Xeon]]
|2.6
|3.5
|112.5
|350
|2S
|4800
|4
|4
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|
|-
|-
|9470
| XCC
|52
| 4개 컴퓨트 타일 통합 (최대 60코어)
|2
| [[Intel 4th Gen Xeon]]
|2.7
|3.5
|105
|350
|2S
|4800
|4
|4
|0
|0
|0
|512GB
|
|
|-
|-
|9468
| MCC
|48
| 단일 다이 (최대 32코어)
|2.1
| [[Intel 4th Gen Xeon]]
|2.6
|3.5
|105
|350
|2S
|4800
|4
|4
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|
|-
|-
|9460
| HBM
|40
| 64GB HBM2e 메모리 내장
|2.2
| [[Intel 4th Gen Xeon]]
|2.7
|3.5
|97.5
|350
|2S
|4800
|3
|4
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|
|-
|9462
|32
|2.7
|3.1
|3.5
|75
|350
|2S
|4800
|3
|4
|0
|0
|0
|128GB
|
|
|-
! colspan="17" |Y Supports Intel Speed Select Technology – Performance Profile 2.0 (Intel SST-PP)
|}
|}


== built-in accelerators<ref>https://www.colfax-intl.com/downloads/4th-gen-xeon-acclerators-eguide-with-4th-gen-benchmarks.pdf</ref> ==
---
Integrated accelerators support today’s most demanding workloads spanning AI, security, HPC, networking, analytics and storage
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Purpose
!Notes
|-
| rowspan="2" |Intel® AI Engine
|Intel® Advanced Matrix Extensions (Intel® AMX)
|Intel AMX is Intel’s next-generation advancement for deep-learning training and
inference on 4th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable processors. Ideal for workloads like natural


language processing, recommendation systems and image recognition, this new
== Architecture ==


feature extends the built-in AI acceleration capabilities of previous Intel Xeon Scalable
Intel 4th Gen Xeon은 Tile 기반 Chiplet 설계와 XCC/MCC/HBM 패키징을 제공합니다:


processors while also offering significant performance gains
<syntaxhighlight lang="mermaid">
|-
graph TD
|Intel® Advanced Vector Extensions 512 (Intel® AVX-512
    A[Sapphire Rapids] --> B[XCC - 4 Tiles]
|A continuing feature of Intel Xeon Scalable processors, Intel AVX-512 is a general-
    A --> C[MCC - Monolithic]
purpose performance-enhancing accelerator with a wide range of uses. When it
    A --> D[HBM - High Bandwidth]
    B --> E[PCIe 5.0]
    B --> F[DDR5 Memory]
    B --> G[CXL]
    B --> H[Integrated Accelerators]
</syntaxhighlight>


comes to AI, Intel AVX-512 can accelerate machine learning workloads for training
---


and inferencing. 4th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable processors with Intel AVX-512 are also
== Workflow ==


designed to speed up data preprocessin
{| class="wikitable"
! Stage
! Input
! Output
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Intel® Security Engines
| Selection
|Intel® Software Guard Extensions (Intel® SGX)
| [[Workload]] requirements
 
| Xeon model selection
 
|-
|Intel SGX is the most researched, updated and deployed confidential computing
| Deployment
technology in data centers on the market today. This continuing feature of Intel Xeon
| Xeon CPU + [[Motherboard]]
 
| System boot
Scalable processors provides the foundation for confidential computing solutions
 
across edge and multi-cloud infrastructures.
 
Intel SGX offers a hardware-based security solution that is designed to prohibit
 
access to protected data in use via unique application-isolation technology. By
 
helping protect selected code and data from inspection or modification, Intel SGX
 
allows developers to run sensitive data operations inside enclaves to help increase
 
application security and protect data confidentiality
|-
|-
|Intel® Trust Domain Extensions (Intel® TDX)
| [[Optimization]]
|Intel TDX is a new capability available through select cloud providers in 2023 that
| [[BIOS]]/sysctl settings
offers increased confidentiality at the virtual machine (VM) level, enhancing [[privacy]]
| Optimized performance
|}


and control over your data. Within an Intel TDX confidential VM, the guest OS and
---


VM applications are isolated from access by the cloud host, hypervisor and other
== Detailed Explanation ==


VMs on the platform.
=== Product Categories ===
|-
|Intel® Crypto Acceleration
|Intel Crypto Acceleration uses single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) techniques to
process more encryption operations in every clock cycle. This can help increase the


total throughput of applications that require strong data encryption, with minimal
4th Gen Xeon은 6개 카테고리로 제공됩니다:


impact on performance and user experience
* **Max 9400** — HPC 최적화 (Intel Xeon CPU Max Series)
|-
* **Platinum 8000** — 고급 데이터 분석, AI, 하이브리드 클라우드
| rowspan="3" |Intel® HPC Engines
* **Gold 6000/Gold 5000** — 데이터센터 및 멀티클라우드 워크로드
|Intel® Advanced Vector Extensions 512 (Intel® AVX-512)
* **Silver 4000** — 엔트리 레벨 데이터센터 컴퓨팅, 네트워킹, 스토리지
* **Bronze 3000** — 기본 컴퓨팅
* **Max Series** — HPC 최적화


=== Performance Features ===


|With ultrawide 512-bit vector operations capabilities, Intel AVX-512 is especially
* **Optimized Power Mode** — 최대 20% 소켓 전력 절약, 5% 미만 성능 영향
suited to handle the most demanding computational tasks commonly encountered in
* **Air/Liquid Cooling** — 데이터센터 에너지 소비 감소


HPC applications. It’s used by organizations across educational, financial, enterprise,
=== Use Case Categories ===


engineering and medical industries. By enabling users to run complex workloads
* Performance general purpose
* Mainline general purpose
* [[Liquid cooling]] general purpose
* Single socket general purpose (Q Series)
* Long-life Use (IoT) general purpose (T Series)
* IMDB/Analytics/virtualization optimized (H Series)
* 5G/Networking optimized (N Series)
* Cloud-optimized IaaS (P, V, M Series)
* Storage and HCI optimized (S series)
* HPC optimized (Intel Xeon CPU Max Series)


on existing hardware, Intel AVX-512 accelerates performance for tasks like financial
=== PCI Express Gen5 (PCIe 5.0) ===


analytics, 3D modeling and scientific simulations
최대 80개 레인의 PCIe 5.0 지원. PCIe 4.0 대비 I/O 대역폭 2배 향상, 후방 호환성 유지.
|-
|Intel® Advanced Matrix Extensions (Intel® AMX)
|In addition to accelerating AI workloads, Intel AMX is also designed to deliver
performance gains across popular HPC workloads. This new built-in accelerator


transforms large matrix math calculations into a single operation and uses a two-
=== DDR5 ===


dimensional register file to store large chunks of data
DDR4 대비 최대 1.5x 대역폭 향상. 4th Gen Xeon은 최대 4,800 MT/s (1 DPC) 또는 4,400 MT/s (2 DPC) 지원.
|-
|Intel® Data Streaming Accelerator (Intel® DSA
|Intel DSA is a new feature designed to optimize and speed up streaming data
movement and transformation operations common in networking, data-


processing-intensive applications and high-performance storage. Intel DSA
=== CXL ===


accelerates HPC workloads by offloading the most common data movement tasks
CXL 1.1 지원. CPU와 가속기 간 통합 일관성 메모리 공간 생성. 데이터센터 서버 아키텍처 혁신.


that cause CPU overhead in data-center-scale deployments
=== XCC, MCC, HBM Variants ===
|-
| rowspan="3" |Intel® Network Engines
|Intel® QuickAssist Technology (Intel® QAT)


* **XCC (E1A)** — 4개 컴퓨트 타일 통합, 각 타일 최대 15코어 (최대 60코어)
* **MCC (E1B)** — 단일 다이, TDP 125W-350W, 최대 32코어
* **HBM (E1C)** — 16GB HBM2e 스택 (총 64GB), 고속 메모리 풀


|Intel QAT boosts performance to meet the demands of today’s networking workloads,
=== Built-in Accelerators ===
helping systems serve more clients. It can deliver significant workload acceleration for


cryptography, including symmetric and asymmetric encryption and decryption.
* **AI Engine** — Intel AMX, Intel AVX-512
* **Security Engines** — Intel SGX, Intel TDX, Intel Crypto Acceleration
* **HPC Engines** — Intel AVX-512, Intel AMX, Intel DSA
* **[[Network]] Engines** — Intel QAT, Intel vRAN Boost, Intel DLB
* **Analytics Engines** — Intel IAA, Intel DSA, Intel QAT
* **Storage Engines** — Intel DSA, Intel QAT, Intel VMD


Intel QAT using RSA4K can increase client density on an open-source NGINX web
---


server compared to software running on CPU cores without acceleration
== Configuration ==
|-
|Intel® vRAN Boost
|Intel vRAN Boost is a new feature that eliminates the need for an external accelerator
card by integrating vRAN acceleration directly into the Intel 4th Gen Xeon Scalable


processor. By reducing vRAN component requirements, it reduces overall vRAN
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
# CPU 정보 확인
lscpu | grep -i intel
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -i model


solution complexity and provides power savings for customers
# PCIe 정보 확인
|-
lspci | grep -i pci
|Intel® Dynamic Load Balancer (Intel® DLB
|Intel DLB is a new feature that enables the efficient distribution of network
processing across multiple CPU cores. It also restores the order of networking data


packets processed simultaneously on CPU cores.
# 메모리 정보 확인
free -h
</syntaxhighlight>


With Intel DLB, customers can gain higher performance on packet forwarding
---


compared to software queue management on cores without acceleration.
== Examples ==


Additionally, applications can achieve higher packet processing performance than
=== Example 1: Xeon 모델 선택 ===


the previous generation
{| class="wikitable"
! Use Case
! Recommended Series
! Example Model
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Intel® Analytics Engines
| AI/Analytics
|Intel® In-Memory Analytics Accelerator (Intel® IAA)
| Platinum 8000
 
| 8480+
 
|Intel IAA is designed to accelerate database and analytics performance. By increasing
query throughput and decreasing the memory footprint for in-memory databases
 
and advanced analytics workloads, this new feature can provide faster data
 
movement and improve CPU core utilization by reducing dependency on CPU cores.
 
Intel IAA is ideal for in-memory databases, open-source databases and data stores
 
like RocksDB, Redis, Cassandra and MySQL. Customers using 4th Gen Intel Xeon
 
Platinum 8490H with Intel IAA will gain up to 3x higher RocksDB performance
 
compared to the previous generation
|-
|-
|Intel® Data Streaming Accelerator (Intel® DSA)
| Cloud IaaS
|Intel DSA is a new feature designed to optimize and speed up streaming data
| Gold 6000
movement and transformation operations common in data-intensive applications,
| 6438Y+
 
driving better business outcomes. By offloading tasks like data movement, data
 
copying and error checking, Intel DSA enables the CPU to focus on business-
 
critical database functions or other analytics workloads. This reduces query
 
latencies and increases throughput, delivering faster data processing
|-
|-
|Intel® QuickAssist Technology (Intel® QAT)
| Networking
|Intel QAT can be used to accelerate database backups. When QAT was enabled
| Silver 4000
as a new feature in SQL Server 2022, it delivered more efficient and higher
| 6428N
 
performance applications.
 
With Intel QAT, SQL Server customers achieve up to 2.3x faster backup operations
 
and a 6% reduction in backup storage capacity
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Intel® Storage Engines
| HPC
|Intel® Data Streaming Accelerator (Intel® DSA)
| Max Series
| 9480
|}


---


|Intel DSA works on the CPU — between DRAM, caches and processor cores — and
== Best Practices ==
extends across I/Os to attached memory and storage, plus networked resources.


As Intel’s next-generation direct memory access (DMA) engine, it speeds transfers
* workload에 맞는 Xeon 시리즈 선택
* PCIe 5.0 장치 활용
* DDR5 메모리 최적화
* CXL 지원 장치 고려
* 내장 가속기 활성화 (AMX, QAT, DSA 등)
* Optimized Power Mode 활용


between volatile and persistent memory and supports virtualized memory and I/Os.
---


Customers using 4th Gen Intel Xeon Platinum 8490H with Intel DSA will gain up to
== Limitations ==


1.6x higher [[IOPS]] and up to 37% latency reduction for large packet sequential read
* 특정 모델은 2S/4S/8S 제한
* HBM 모델은 제한적 가용성
* CXL 장치 호환성 확인 필요


compared to the previous generation
---
|-
|Intel® QuickAssist Technology (Intel® QAT)
|Intel QAT increases performance of storage workloads and applications by
accelerating cryptography and data compression/decompression. Customers


using 4th Gen Intel Xeon Platinum 8490H with Intel QAT will gain up to 95%
== References ==


fewer cores and 2x higher level 1 compression throughput compared to the
* https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/docs/processors/xeon/scalable/4th-gen-overview.html
* https://www.colfax-intl.com/downloads/4th-gen-xeon-acclerators-eguide-with-4th-gen-benchmarks.pdf


previous generation
---
|-
|Intel® Volume Management Device (Intel® VMD)
|Intel VMD is a legacy feature that enables direct control and management of
NVMe SSDs from the PCIe bus without the need for additional hardware adapters.


It allows for a smoother and lower-cost transition to fast NVMe storage while
== Related Pages ==


limiting the downtime of critical infrastructure. With benefits like bootable RAID,
* [[AMD EPYC 9004 series vs Intel 4th gen XEON]]
* [[Intel Xeon 6 processor]]
* [[PCIe]]
* [[DDR5]]
* [[CXL]]


robust surprise hot-plug and blink status LED, Intel VMD increases serviceability
---


and enables you to deploy next-generation storage with confidence
|}
== Reference ==
<references />
[[Category:Hardware]]
[[Category:Hardware]]
[[Category:Reference]]
[[Category:Reference]]

Revision as of 11:35, 15 July 2026

Intel 4th Gen Xeon

Template:Status

Template:TOC

Overview

Intel 4th Gen Xeon Scalable processors(Sapphire Rapids)는 2023년 1월 출시된 데이터센터용 프로세서로, AI, 클라우드 컴퓨팅, 네트워킹, 에지 컴퓨팅, 슈퍼컴퓨팅을 위해 설계되었습니다.

Summary

  • 무엇인가? — Intel 4th Gen Xeon Scalable processors (Sapphire Rapids)
  • 왜 필요한가? — 데이터센터 성능, 효율성, 보안, 기능 향상
  • 언제 사용하는가? — AI, 클라우드, 네트워킹, 에지, 슈퍼컴퓨팅

---

Purpose

이 문서가 존재하는 이유

  • Goal: Intel 4th Gen Xeon Scalable processors의 제품군, 아키텍처, 성능 특징을 한 곳에서 제공
  • Scope: Xeon 모델 카테고리, PCIe 5.0, DDR5, CXL, XCC/MCC/HBM, 내장 가속기
  • Non-goals: 이전 세대 Xeon 상세 비교, AMD EPYC 상세 비교는 별도 문서

---

Key Concepts

Concept Description Related
Sapphire Rapids 4th Gen Xeon의 코드명 Intel 4th Gen Xeon
PCIe 5.0 최대 80개 레인, 대역폭 2배 향상 PCIe
DDR5 DDR4 대비 1.5x 대역폭 향상 Intel 4th Gen Xeon
CXL CPU-가속기 간 메모리 공간 통합 Intel 4th Gen Xeon
XCC 4개 컴퓨트 타일 통합 (최대 60코어) Intel 4th Gen Xeon
MCC 단일 다이 (최대 32코어) Intel 4th Gen Xeon
HBM 64GB HBM2e 메모리 내장 Intel 4th Gen Xeon

---

Architecture

Intel 4th Gen Xeon은 Tile 기반 Chiplet 설계와 XCC/MCC/HBM 패키징을 제공합니다: 

graph TD
    A[Sapphire Rapids] --> B[XCC - 4 Tiles]
    A --> C[MCC - Monolithic]
    A --> D[HBM - High Bandwidth]
    B --> E[PCIe 5.0]
    B --> F[DDR5 Memory]
    B --> G[CXL]
    B --> H[Integrated Accelerators]

---

Workflow

Stage Input Output
Selection Workload requirements Xeon model selection
Deployment Xeon CPU + Motherboard System boot
Optimization BIOS/sysctl settings Optimized performance

---

Detailed Explanation

Product Categories

4th Gen Xeon은 6개 카테고리로 제공됩니다:

  • **Max 9400** — HPC 최적화 (Intel Xeon CPU Max Series)
  • **Platinum 8000** — 고급 데이터 분석, AI, 하이브리드 클라우드
  • **Gold 6000/Gold 5000** — 데이터센터 및 멀티클라우드 워크로드
  • **Silver 4000** — 엔트리 레벨 데이터센터 컴퓨팅, 네트워킹, 스토리지
  • **Bronze 3000** — 기본 컴퓨팅
  • **Max Series** — HPC 최적화

Performance Features

  • **Optimized Power Mode** — 최대 20% 소켓 전력 절약, 5% 미만 성능 영향
  • **Air/Liquid Cooling** — 데이터센터 에너지 소비 감소

Use Case Categories

  • Performance general purpose
  • Mainline general purpose
  • Liquid cooling general purpose
  • Single socket general purpose (Q Series)
  • Long-life Use (IoT) general purpose (T Series)
  • IMDB/Analytics/virtualization optimized (H Series)
  • 5G/Networking optimized (N Series)
  • Cloud-optimized IaaS (P, V, M Series)
  • Storage and HCI optimized (S series)
  • HPC optimized (Intel Xeon CPU Max Series)

PCI Express Gen5 (PCIe 5.0)

최대 80개 레인의 PCIe 5.0 지원. PCIe 4.0 대비 I/O 대역폭 2배 향상, 후방 호환성 유지.

DDR5

DDR4 대비 최대 1.5x 대역폭 향상. 4th Gen Xeon은 최대 4,800 MT/s (1 DPC) 또는 4,400 MT/s (2 DPC) 지원.

CXL

CXL 1.1 지원. CPU와 가속기 간 통합 일관성 메모리 공간 생성. 데이터센터 서버 아키텍처 혁신.

XCC, MCC, HBM Variants

  • **XCC (E1A)** — 4개 컴퓨트 타일 통합, 각 타일 최대 15코어 (최대 60코어)
  • **MCC (E1B)** — 단일 다이, TDP 125W-350W, 최대 32코어
  • **HBM (E1C)** — 16GB HBM2e 스택 (총 64GB), 고속 메모리 풀

Built-in Accelerators

  • **AI Engine** — Intel AMX, Intel AVX-512
  • **Security Engines** — Intel SGX, Intel TDX, Intel Crypto Acceleration
  • **HPC Engines** — Intel AVX-512, Intel AMX, Intel DSA
  • **Network Engines** — Intel QAT, Intel vRAN Boost, Intel DLB
  • **Analytics Engines** — Intel IAA, Intel DSA, Intel QAT
  • **Storage Engines** — Intel DSA, Intel QAT, Intel VMD

---

Configuration

# CPU 정보 확인
lscpu | grep -i intel
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -i model

# PCIe 정보 확인
lspci | grep -i pci

# 메모리 정보 확인
free -h

---

Examples

Example 1: Xeon 모델 선택

Use Case Recommended Series Example Model
AI/Analytics Platinum 8000 8480+
Cloud IaaS Gold 6000 6438Y+
Networking Silver 4000 6428N
HPC Max Series 9480

---

Best Practices

  • workload에 맞는 Xeon 시리즈 선택
  • PCIe 5.0 장치 활용
  • DDR5 메모리 최적화
  • CXL 지원 장치 고려
  • 내장 가속기 활성화 (AMX, QAT, DSA 등)
  • Optimized Power Mode 활용

---

Limitations

  • 특정 모델은 2S/4S/8S 제한
  • HBM 모델은 제한적 가용성
  • CXL 장치 호환성 확인 필요

---

References

---

Related Pages

---

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